Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Brain Res. 2012 Feb 27;1440:9-22. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.054. Epub 2012 Jan 8.
Myosin-1d is a monomeric actin-based motor found in a wide range of tissues, but highly expressed in the nervous system. Previous microarray studies suggest that myosin-1d is found in oligodendrocytes where transcripts are upregulated during the maturation of these cells. Myosin-1d was also identified as a component of myelin-containing subcellular fractions in proteomic studies and mutations in MYO1D have been linked to autism. Despite the potential implications of these previous studies, there is little information on the expression and localization of myosin-1d in the developing nervous system. Therefore, we analyzed myosin-1d expression patterns in the peripheral and central nervous systems during postnatal development. In mouse sciatic nerve, myosin-1d is expressed along the axon and in the ensheathing myelin compartment. Analysis of mouse cerebellum prior to myelination at day 3 reveals that myosin-1d is present in the Purkinje cell layer, granule cell layer, and region of the cerebellar nuclei. Upon the onset of myelination, myosin-1d enrichment expands along axonal tracts, while still present in the Purkinje and granule cell layers. However, myosin-1d was undetectable in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells at early and late time points. We also show that myosin-1d interacts and is co-expressed with aspartoacylase, an enzyme that plays a key role in fatty acid synthesis throughout the nervous system. Together, these studies provide a foundation for understanding the role of myosin-1d in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.
肌球蛋白-1d 是一种单体肌动蛋白基马达,存在于广泛的组织中,但在神经系统中高度表达。先前的基因芯片研究表明,肌球蛋白-1d 存在于少突胶质细胞中,这些细胞在成熟过程中转录本上调。肌球蛋白-1d 也在蛋白质组学研究中被鉴定为含有髓鞘的亚细胞成分的一个组成部分,并且 MYO1D 的突变与自闭症有关。尽管这些先前的研究具有潜在的意义,但关于肌球蛋白-1d 在发育中的神经系统中的表达和定位的信息很少。因此,我们在出生后发育过程中分析了肌球蛋白-1d 在周围和中枢神经系统中的表达模式。在小鼠坐骨神经中,肌球蛋白-1d 沿轴突表达,并存在于包绕髓鞘的隔室中。在第 3 天髓鞘形成之前分析小鼠小脑,发现肌球蛋白-1d 存在于浦肯野细胞层、颗粒细胞层和小脑核区域。髓鞘形成开始时,肌球蛋白-1d 沿轴突束富集扩大,同时仍存在于浦肯野和颗粒细胞层中。然而,在早期和晚期时间点,肌球蛋白-1d 在少突胶质细胞祖细胞中无法检测到。我们还表明,肌球蛋白-1d 与天冬氨酸酶相互作用并共同表达,天冬氨酸酶在整个神经系统中脂肪酸合成中起着关键作用。总之,这些研究为理解肌球蛋白-1d 在神经发育和神经退行性疾病中的作用提供了基础。