Flatland Bente, Vap Linda M
Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2012 Jan;42(1):11-22. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.09.004.
In-house hematology testing has distinct advantages and requires an ongoing commitment to quality assurance. Hematology POCA should always be operated by qualified personnel who have received adequate instrument operational, safety, and biohazard training. Likewise, blood samples should be acquired and handled, and blood smears made, by adequately trained personnel. Nonstatistical QA procedures are vital to minimize all types of laboratory error (preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical) and include many common sense procedures already performed in well-maintained veterinary practices. Blood smear review is a critical component of QA in hematology testing. Each veterinary practice using POCA must determine frequency of QC (ie, frequency of “running controls”) based on factors such as POCA analyzer type, clinic operating budget, and caseload; at least daily QC is encouraged if possible. QC should be performed frequently enough that QCM are used cost-effectively and that POCA analytical error can be reliably detected. Unacceptable QC data (however defined) should prompt investigation of the POCA, reagents, and operator. Veterinarians and veterinary technicians are encouraged to pursue continuing education about laboratory quality management and to utilize relevant guidelines, such as those available from the ASVCP.
内部血液学检测具有明显优势，且需要持续致力于质量保证。血液学POCA应由接受过充分仪器操作、安全和生物危害培训的合格人员操作。同样，血液样本的采集、处理以及血涂片的制作都应由训练有素的人员进行。非统计质量保证程序对于将各类实验室误差（分析前、分析中和分析后）降至最低至关重要，并且包括许多在维护良好的兽医诊所已执行的常识性程序。血涂片检查是血液学检测质量保证的关键组成部分。每个使用POCA的兽医诊所必须根据POCA分析仪类型、诊所运营预算和病例量等因素确定质量控制的频率（即“运行对照”的频率）；如果可能，鼓励至少每天进行质量控制。质量控制应进行得足够频繁，以便能经济高效地使用质量控制材料，并能可靠地检测出POCA分析误差。不可接受的质量控制数据（无论如何定义）应促使对POCA、试剂和操作人员进行调查。鼓励兽医和兽医技术人员接受有关实验室质量管理的继续教育，并利用相关指南，如可从美国兽医临床病理学家协会获得的指南。
