Lorente Ramos R M, Azpeitia Armán J, Arévalo Galeano N, Muñoz Hernández A, García Gómez J M, Gredilla Molinero J
Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico de la CAM, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España.
Radiologia. 2012 Sep-Oct;54(5):410-23. doi: 10.1016/j.rx.2011.09.023. Epub 2012 Jan 28.
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; DEXA) is the technique of choice to diagnose osteoporosis and to monitor the response to treatment. It is also useful for measuring body composition. In recent years, new applications have been developed, including vertebral morphometry through the study of the lateral spine, prosthesis integration in orthopedics, and lipodystrophy in HIV+ patients, although its use in these cases is not well established. DXA densitometry is accurate and precise. It is essential to optimize each step of the diagnostic process, taking care to ensure the best acquisition, image analysis, and interpretation of the results. Thus, to obtain the greatest utility from DXA, radiologists need to know the technique, its indications, and its pitfalls. This article reviews the fundamentals, modalities, methods, and clinical applications of DXA.
双能X线吸收测定法（DXA；DEXA）是诊断骨质疏松症和监测治疗反应的首选技术。它也有助于测量身体成分。近年来，已开发出一些新的应用，包括通过研究脊柱侧位进行椎体形态测量、骨科中的假体植入以及HIV阳性患者的脂肪营养不良，尽管其在这些情况下的应用尚未得到充分确立。DXA骨密度测定准确且精确。优化诊断过程的每一步至关重要，要注意确保获得最佳的图像采集、图像分析以及结果解读。因此，为了从DXA中获得最大效用，放射科医生需要了解该技术、其适应证及其陷阱。本文回顾了DXA的基本原理、模式、方法和临床应用。
