Brenol Claiton Viegas, Veit Tiago Degani, Chies José Artur Bogo, Xavier Ricardo Machado
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS.
Rev Bras Reumatol. 2012 Jan-Feb;52(1):82-91.
Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is a non-classic class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule characterized by low polymorphism in its coding region, a limited tissue distribution pattern in physiologic conditions, and expression through soluble isoforms and isoforms bound to surface membranes through alternative splicing. HLA-G is fairly known since it is involved in induction and maintenance of tolerance between the maternal immunologic system and the semi-allogeneic fetus at the level of the fetal-placental interface. Besides, several studies have indicated a wider immunoregulatory role of this molecule. In this context, the expression of HLA-G in inflammatory and rheumatologic diseases is a relatively recent research area. The first studies described the expression of HLA-G in several inflammatory myopathies, atopic dermatitis, and cutaneous psoriasis. Based on the findings that HLA-G could divert T helper responses to the Th2 type, it was hypothesized that HLA-G would be a protective molecule in inflammatory responses. In this article, we review the potential roles of the HLA-G molecule in the immune system and in several rheumatologic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, and others.
人类白细胞抗原G（HLA-G）是一种非经典的I类主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）分子，其编码区多态性低，在生理条件下组织分布模式有限，并通过可变剪接以可溶性异构体和与表面膜结合的异构体形式表达。HLA-G广为人知，因为它在胎儿-胎盘界面水平参与诱导和维持母体免疫系统与半同种异体胎儿之间的耐受性。此外，多项研究表明该分子具有更广泛的免疫调节作用。在此背景下，HLA-G在炎症性和风湿性疾病中的表达是一个相对较新的研究领域。最初的研究描述了HLA-G在几种炎症性肌病、特应性皮炎和皮肤银屑病中的表达。基于HLA-G可使辅助性T细胞反应转向Th2型的发现，推测HLA-G在炎症反应中可能是一种保护性分子。在本文中，我们综述了HLA-G分子在免疫系统以及几种风湿性疾病（如系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、系统性硬化症等）中的潜在作用。
