Jacobson G P, Burtka M J, Wharton J A, Newman C W, Shepherd N, Turner R G
Division of Audiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202.
Henry Ford Hosp Med J. 1990;38(1):39-43.
From 1984 to 1989 the Infant Hearing Screening (IHS) program at Henry Ford Hospital identified 1,300 infants as being "at risk" for hearing loss. The prevalence of significant sensorineural hearing loss in this sample was 1.4%. Additionally, 80 infants who passed the IHS program and reached 3 years of age were found to have normal hearing sensitivity by conventional audiometric techniques (ie, no false-negative predictions). There were three false-positive predictions. It was discovered that infants of low birthweight (ie, less than 1,500 g) were three times more likely to fail IHS than those whose weight exceeded 1,500 g. A higher return rate was found for infants failing an initial hearing screening conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit in comparison to those screened as outpatients one week postdischarge. The sensitivity and specificity of behavioral observation audiometry were 43% and 92%, respectively, when brainstem auditory-evoked potentials was used as the criterion validity measure.
1984年至1989年期间，亨利·福特医院的婴儿听力筛查（IHS）项目确定了1300名婴儿有听力损失“风险”。该样本中重度感音神经性听力损失的患病率为1.4%。此外，80名通过IHS项目并年满3岁的婴儿经传统听力测试技术检测听力敏感度正常（即无假阴性预测）。有3例假阳性预测。研究发现，低体重婴儿（即体重不足1500克）未通过IHS筛查的可能性是体重超过1500克婴儿的三倍。与出院一周后作为门诊患者接受筛查的婴儿相比，在新生儿重症监护病房接受初次听力筛查未通过的婴儿回访率更高。当以脑干听觉诱发电位作为标准效度测量时，行为观察测听法的敏感度和特异度分别为43%和92%。
