Vitiello B, Behar D, Wolfson S, McLeer S V
Medical College of Pennsylvania, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990 Sep;29(5):782-4. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199009000-00017.
Few reports on panic disorder in children are available, despite the retrospectively documented onset in childhood of about 20% of the cases of adult panic disorder. The authors report on six prepubertal children, aged 8 to 13 years, who met DSM-III-R criteria for adult-type panic disorder. Hyperthyroidism, cardiologic, and respiratory problems were excluded as well as abuse of caffeine or other drugs. The first panic attack occurred between 5 to 11 years of age, with an average interval of 3 years between onset of the disorder and diagnosis. Mitral valve prolapse was documented in two cases. Family history was always positive for panic disorder. Although not common, panic disorder should be considered in children with school phobia and positive family history. As it is in adults, mitral valve prolapse may be associated with panic disorder in children.
尽管回顾性研究记录显示约20%的成人惊恐障碍病例起病于童年，但关于儿童惊恐障碍的报告却很少。作者报告了6名8至13岁的青春期前儿童，他们符合成人型惊恐障碍的DSM-III-R标准。排除了甲状腺功能亢进、心脏和呼吸系统问题以及咖啡因或其他药物滥用。首次惊恐发作发生在5至11岁之间，从疾病发作到诊断的平均间隔为3年。有两例记录到二尖瓣脱垂。惊恐障碍的家族史总是呈阳性。尽管不常见，但对于有学校恐惧症且家族史呈阳性的儿童应考虑惊恐障碍。与成人一样，二尖瓣脱垂可能与儿童惊恐障碍有关。
