School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
Behav Brain Sci. 2012 Feb;35(1):40. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X11000902.
The discovery of the altruistic punishment mechanism as a replicable experimental result is a genuine achievement of behavioural economics. The hypothesis that cooperation in hunter-gatherer societies is sustained by altruistic punishment is a scientifically legitimate conjecture, but it must be tested against real-world observations. Guala's doubts about the evidential support for this hypothesis are well founded.
利他惩罚机制的发现是行为经济学的一个真正成就，这是一个可重复的实验结果。在狩猎采集社会中合作是由利他惩罚维持的假设是一个科学上合理的推测，但必须通过对现实世界的观察进行检验。瓜拉对这一假设的证据支持持怀疑态度是有充分依据的。
