Clayton P J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1990 Nov;51 Suppl:35-9.
Accurate diagnosis is the key to effective treatment and long-term management of anxiety and depressive disorders. Numerous studies, however, have established a high incidence of depressive symptoms among patients with anxiety disorders and likewise a significant incidence of anxiety symptoms among patients with unipolar or bipolar disorders. These patients with mixed symptoms will experience a more severe illness, with generally poorer outcome. Careful assessment of the patient's predominant mood, sleep patterns, psychomotor signs, age of onset, family history, pattern of substance use, response to exercise, and extent of psychosocial contact can assist the clinician in making an accurate primary diagnosis.
准确诊断是焦虑症和抑郁症有效治疗及长期管理的关键。然而，大量研究表明，焦虑症患者中抑郁症状的发生率很高，同样，单相或双相情感障碍患者中焦虑症状的发生率也很高。这些有混合症状的患者病情会更严重，总体预后通常更差。仔细评估患者的主要情绪、睡眠模式、精神运动体征、发病年龄、家族史、物质使用模式、对运动的反应以及社会心理接触程度，有助于临床医生做出准确的初步诊断。
