Harryman D T, Sidles J A, Clark J M, McQuade K J, Gibb T D, Matsen F A
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990 Oct;72(9):1334-43.
We have demonstrated that certain passive motions of the glenohumeral joint are reproducibly accompanied by translation of the head of the humerus on the glenoid. We investigated the relationship of these translations to the position of the glenohumeral joint and to applied torques and forces in seven isolated glenohumeral joints from fresh cadavera, using a six-degrees-of-freedom position sensor and a six-axis force and torque transducer. Reproducible and significant translation occurred in an anterior direction with glenohumeral flexion and in a posterior direction with extension. We also observed translation with cross-body movement. The translation occurring with flexion was obligate in that it could not be prevented by the application of an oppositely directed force of thirty to forty newtons. Operative tightening of the posterior portion of the capsule increased the anterior translation on flexion and cross-body movement and caused it to occur earlier in the arc of motion compared with the intact glenohumeral joint. Operative tightening of the posterior part of the capsule also resulted in significant superior translation with flexion of the glenohumeral joint.
我们已经证明，盂肱关节的某些被动运动可重复性地伴随着肱骨头在关节盂上的平移。我们使用六自由度位置传感器和六轴力与扭矩传感器，研究了七具新鲜尸体的离体盂肱关节中这些平移与盂肱关节位置以及施加的扭矩和力之间的关系。随着盂肱关节前屈，会出现可重复性且显著的向前平移；随着后伸，则会出现向后平移。我们还观察到在过体运动时也存在平移。前屈时出现的平移是必然的，因为施加30至40牛顿的反向力并不能阻止这种平移。与完整的盂肱关节相比，手术收紧关节囊后部会增加前屈和过体运动时的向前平移，并使其在运动弧度中更早出现。手术收紧关节囊后部还会导致盂肱关节前屈时出现显著的向上平移。
