[Postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease].

Postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease of the bowel is the appearance of objective signs--defined endoscopically, radiologically or pathologically. New lesion can be visualized endoscopically within weeks to months after ileal resection and ileocolonic anastomosis in the neoterminal ileum. Risk factors are smoking, bacterial flora, environmental factors, immune response and genetic variants. Immunomodulators or biological agents are effective in the prophylaxis of postoperative recurrence.