Li Li-li, Zhao Li-jiao, Zhong Ru-gang
College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2011 Dec;31(12):3194-9.
Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is employed as an important tool in the investigation of biological macromolecules because of its high sensitivity and nondestructivity to samples. When proteins, lipids or nucleic acids are damaged, the position, shape and intensity of their IR characteristic absorption peaks will be significantly changed. This provides evidences for the determination of the damages of biomolecules, which further shed light on the clarification of the occurrence, development and early prevention of some diseases. In the present paper, the applications of IR to the detection of biomolecular damages are reviewed. Various IR techniques are introduced, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy microscope and so on. A general review was performed for the application of IR technique to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary structure of protein, fluidity of membrane lipid, interaction of drugs with DNA and so on. The existing problems of IR were pointed out and the prospect of IR technique in the field of biomedicine was discussed. It is expected that, in the future the researches involving IR techniques will be focused on the application in early diagnosis of diseases, instrumental combinations and quantitative techniques.
红外光谱法（IR）因其对样品具有高灵敏度和无损性，而被用作研究生物大分子的重要工具。当蛋白质、脂质或核酸受损时，其红外特征吸收峰的位置、形状和强度会发生显著变化。这为生物分子损伤的测定提供了证据，进而有助于阐明某些疾病的发生、发展及早期预防。本文综述了红外光谱法在生物分子损伤检测中的应用。介绍了各种红外技术，包括傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法（ATR-FTIR）、傅里叶变换红外光谱显微镜等。对红外技术在蛋白质二级结构的定性和定量分析、膜脂流动性、药物与DNA相互作用等方面的应用进行了综述。指出了红外光谱法存在的问题，并探讨了红外技术在生物医学领域的前景。预计未来涉及红外技术的研究将集中在疾病早期诊断中的应用、仪器联用和定量技术方面。
