Firkins J L, Weiss W P, Eastridge M L, Hull B L
Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Dairy Science, Columbus 43210.
J Dairy Sci. 1990 Jul;73(7):1812-22. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78861-3.
Four Holstein heifers cannulated in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used to analyze effects of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract and yeast culture (Amaferm Micro-Mix. Biozyme Enterprises, Inc., St. Joseph, MO) and 5% animal-vegetable fat on ruminal and total tract digestibilities of nutrients. Heifers were assigned treatments in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Few interactions between main effects were noted. Feeding fat decreased ruminal molar ratio of acetate:propionate. Rate of disappearance of potentially digestible NDF from orchardgrass hay was higher when heifers were fed fat. Thus, the lack of differences in digestibilities of NDF, ADF, or in the major hemicellulosic sugars is interpreted to suggest that 5% animal-vegetable fat had few toxic effects on ruminal microbes under the conditions of this study. Amaferm Micro-Mix tended to increase acetate:propionate in the rumen, but had little effect on site or extent of digestion of any of the fiber components measured. Efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis was not affected by treatment. Ruminal and total tract digestibilities of total hemicellulosic sugars were highly correlated (r = .82 and .72) with respective digestibilities of hemicellulose measured as NDF minus ADF.
选用4头安装了瘤胃和十二指肠近端瘘管的荷斯坦小母牛，以分析米曲霉发酵提取物和酵母培养物（Amaferm Micro-Mix，Biozyme企业公司，密苏里州圣约瑟夫）以及5%动植物脂肪对瘤胃和全消化道养分消化率的影响。小母牛按4×4拉丁方设计接受处理，处理采用2×2析因安排。未发现主要效应之间有显著交互作用。饲喂脂肪降低了瘤胃中乙酸与丙酸的摩尔比。当给小母牛饲喂脂肪时，果园草干草中潜在可消化中性洗涤纤维的消失率更高。因此，中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维或主要半纤维素糖消化率缺乏差异，这被解释为表明在本研究条件下，5%动植物脂肪对瘤胃微生物几乎没有毒性作用。Amaferm Micro-Mix倾向于提高瘤胃中乙酸与丙酸的比例，但对所测任何纤维成分的消化部位或消化程度几乎没有影响。细菌蛋白质合成效率不受处理的影响。总半纤维素糖的瘤胃消化率和全消化道消化率与以中性洗涤纤维减去酸性洗涤纤维测定的半纤维素各自消化率高度相关（r分别为0.82和0.72）。
