Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Neoplasma. 2012;59(3):237-47. doi: 10.4149/neo_2012_031.
The family of human matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) consists of 24 zinc- and calcium-dependent proteolytic enzymes. MMPs are divided into six subgroups, in terms of differences in the substrate specificity with structural domain architecture. These enzymes are involved in many physiological processes, such as skeletal development, wound healing, scar formation, as well as carcinogenesis. MMPs, fulfilling its function of degradation of extracellular matrix components, are involved in one of the stages of angiogenesis enabling the development, growth and spread of the primary tumor. Therefore, the search for the common polymorphic variants of MMPs, new genetic markers as prognostic factors in breast cancer progress seems to be understandable.The minireview presents the results of 19 case-control or prospective studies concerning the association of SNPs of genes encoding nine MMPs: MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -12, -13, -21 with the breast cancer risk, progression and survival.
人类基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）家族由 24 种锌和钙离子依赖性蛋白水解酶组成。根据结构域结构的底物特异性差异，MMPs 分为六个亚群。这些酶参与许多生理过程，如骨骼发育、伤口愈合、瘢痕形成以及致癌作用。MMPs 通过降解细胞外基质成分来发挥作用，参与血管生成的一个阶段，使原发性肿瘤得以发展、生长和扩散。因此，寻找 MMPs 的常见多态性变异体，作为乳腺癌进展的新遗传标志物作为预后因素似乎是可以理解的。这篇简评介绍了 19 项病例对照或前瞻性研究的结果，这些研究涉及编码 9 种 MMPs（MMP-1、-2、-3、-7、-8、-9、-12、-13、-21）的基因 SNP 与乳腺癌风险、进展和生存的关系。
