Fischer R M, Ohde R N
Division of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1990 Sep;88(3):1250-9. doi: 10.1121/1.399702.
The perception of voicing in final velar stop consonants was investigated by systematically varying vowel duration, change in offset frequency of the final first formant (F1) transition, and rate of frequency change in the final F1 transition for several vowel contexts. Consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) continua were synthesized for each of three vowels, [i,I,ae], which represent a range of relatively low to relatively high-F1 steady-state values. Subjects responded to the stimuli under both an open- and closed-response condition. Results of the study show that both vowel duration and F1 offset properties influence perception of final consonant voicing, with the salience of the F1 offset property higher for vowels with high-F1 steady-state frequencies than low-F1 steady-state frequencies, and the opposite occurring for the vowel duration property. When F1 onset and offset frequencies were controlled, rate of the F1 transition change had inconsistent and minimal effects on perception of final consonant voicing. Thus the findings suggest that it is the termination value of the F1 offset transition rather than rate and/or duration of frequency change, which cues voicing in final velar stop consonants during the transition period preceding closure.
通过系统地改变元音时长、最后一个第一共振峰（F1）过渡的偏移频率变化以及在几种元音语境下最后F1过渡的频率变化率，研究了软腭塞音结尾处浊音的感知。针对三个元音[i、I、æ]中的每一个合成了辅音-元音-辅音（CVC）连续体，这三个元音代表了一系列相对较低到相对较高的F1稳态值。受试者在开放反应和封闭反应条件下对刺激做出反应。研究结果表明，元音时长和F1偏移特性都会影响结尾辅音浊音的感知，对于F1稳态频率高的元音，F1偏移特性的显著性高于F1稳态频率低的元音，而元音时长特性则相反。当F1起始和偏移频率得到控制时，F1过渡变化率对结尾辅音浊音的感知具有不一致且最小的影响。因此，研究结果表明，提示软腭塞音结尾处浊音的是F1偏移过渡的终止值，而不是频率变化的速率和/或时长，在闭塞前的过渡阶段，该终止值提示软腭塞音结尾处的浊音。
