Dahourou H, Tapko J-B, Nébié Y, Kiénou K, Sanou M, Diallo M, Barro L, Murphy E, Lefrère J-J
Centre régional de transfusion sanguine, 2293, avenue de la République, 01 BP 3169, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2012 Feb;19(1):39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2011.11.001. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
Hemovigilance being an essential part of blood transfusion safety, many countries have set legislation for its organization and its establishment. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where transfusion practice is facing many challenges, hemovigilance does not always appear as a priority. Nevertheless, in 2000, Burkina Faso decided to reorganize its blood transfusion system according to the World Health Organisation recommendations and other international standards. A national blood transfusion center and regional blood transfusion centers were created. From 2005 to 2009, a hemovigilance pilot project was conducted by the regional blood transfusion center of Bobo-Dioulasso.
The implementation of this hemovigilance project included the following steps: training of medical and paramedical personnel of the health facilities provided with blood and blood products by the regional blood transfusion center, distribution of post transfusion and hemovigilance forms, and the creation of a hemovigilance and transfusion committee.
During the period 2005-2009, 34,729 blood products were distributed for 23,478 patients. The return rate of the post-transfusion and hemovigilance forms (number of files completed partially or completely and returned to the regional blood transfusion center compared to the number of units distributed) raised from 83.1 to 94.8%, the rate of traceability (rate of forms returned to the regional blood transfusion center and totally completed) raised from 71.6 to 91.6%, and the concordance between the patient for which the blood was delivered and the patient transfused moved from 92.9 to 98.0%. The notification rate of transfusion incidents raised from 1.1 to 16.1 per 1000 units transfused during that period.
The implementation of a hemovigilance system is possible in the Sub-Sahara African countries. This constitutes a major element in the improvement of different steps of transfusion safety. The implementation of a hemovigilance system requires negotiations between transfusion centers and the hospital personnel, and should be facilitated by the official regulation on blood transfusion practices.
血液警戒是输血安全的重要组成部分，许多国家已针对其组织和建立制定了法规。在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，输血实践面临诸多挑战，血液警戒并非总是被视为优先事项。然而，2000年布基纳法索决定根据世界卫生组织的建议和其他国际标准重组其输血系统。设立了一个国家输血中心和多个地区输血中心。2005年至2009年期间，博博迪乌拉索地区输血中心开展了一项血液警戒试点项目。
该血液警戒项目的实施包括以下步骤：由地区输血中心对配备血液及血液制品的医疗机构的医疗和辅助医疗人员进行培训，分发输血后及血液警戒表格，并成立一个血液警戒和输血委员会。
在2005年至2009年期间，为23478名患者分发了34729份血液制品。输血后及血液警戒表格的回收率（部分或全部填写并返回地区输血中心的档案数量与分发单位数量之比）从83.1%提高到了94.8%，可追溯率（返回地区输血中心且填写完整的表格率）从71.6%提高到了91.6%，供血患者与受血患者之间的一致性从92.9%提高到了98.0%。在此期间，输血事件的报告率从每1000单位输血1.1起提高到了16.1起。
在撒哈拉以南非洲国家实施血液警戒系统是可行的。这是改善输血安全各个环节的一个重要因素。实施血液警戒系统需要输血中心与医院人员之间进行协商，并且应由输血实践的官方规定予以推动。
