Tagny Claude Tayou, Murphy Edward L, Lefrère Jean-Jacques
Service d'hématologie et de transfusion sanguine, centre hospitalier et universitaire, Yaoundé Cameroun et faculté de médecine et des sciences biomédicales, université de Yaoundé I, BP 5739, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
University of California San Francisco and blood systems research institute, San Francisco, CA, États-Unis.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2014 Mar;21(1):37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.10.002. Epub 2013 Dec 19.
There has been little blood safety research in sub-Saharan Africa, often consisting of local efforts whose findings had limited impact The "Francophone Africa Transfusion Research Network" was created in May 2007 with the objective of developing common evidence-based blood safety policies that may be adapted to each country's situation. The Group's activities to date have focused mainly on obtaining epidemiological and laboratory data on blood transfusion and on suggesting blood safety strategies, particularly in the field of TTIs. To carry out such research activities, the group works closely with the National Blood Transfusion Services (NBTS), the Regional Blood Transfusion Services (RBTS), the hospital blood banks (HBB) and collection stations. For the first 5years, four research priorities were identified: (i) descriptive studies of the characteristics of francophone African blood donors and blood centers; (ii) estimation of the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted major viral infections; (iii) an analysis of blood donor deferral strategies; and (iv) a description of TTI screening strategies and an external quality assurance system (EQAS) project. During this period, seven projects have been implemented at the national level and published and five multicenter studies were conducted and published. The present review reports the main observations and recommendations from those studies that could improve blood safety statute in Africa.
撒哈拉以南非洲地区的血液安全研究很少，通常是一些地方层面的努力，其研究结果影响有限。“法语非洲输血研究网络”于2007年5月成立，旨在制定基于共同证据的血液安全政策，这些政策可根据每个国家的情况进行调整。该组织迄今为止的活动主要集中在获取输血方面的流行病学和实验室数据，以及提出血液安全策略，特别是在输血传播感染领域。为开展此类研究活动，该组织与国家输血服务机构（NBTS）、地区输血服务机构（RBTS）、医院血库（HBB）和采血站密切合作。在最初的5年里，确定了四个研究重点：（i）对非洲法语国家献血者和血液中心特征的描述性研究；（ii）估计输血传播主要病毒感染的残余风险；（iii）对献血者延期策略的分析；（iv）对输血传播感染筛查策略和外部质量保证系统（EQAS）项目的描述。在此期间，在国家层面实施并发表了7个项目，开展并发表了5项多中心研究。本综述报告了这些研究中可改善非洲血液安全法规的主要观察结果和建议。
