National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Euro Surveill. 2012 Jan 19;17(3):20059.
From 2007 to 2009, the Netherlands faced large seasonal outbreaks of Q fever, in which infected dairy goat farms were identified as the primary sources. Veterinary measures including vaccination of goats and sheep and culling of pregnant animals on infected farms seem to have brought the Q fever problem under control. However, the epidemic is expected to result in more cases of chronic Q fever among risk groups in the coming years. In the most affected area, in the south of the country, more than 12% of the population now have antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Questions remain about the follow-up of acute Q fever patients, screening of groups at risk for chronic Q fever, screening of donors of blood and tissue, and human vaccination. There is a considerable ongoing research effort as well as enhanced veterinary and human surveillance.
从 2007 年到 2009 年，荷兰发生了大规模的 Q 热季节性暴发疫情，受感染的奶牛场被确定为主要传染源。兽医采取了包括给山羊和绵羊接种疫苗以及扑杀受感染农场的怀孕动物等措施，似乎已经控制住了 Q 热问题。然而，预计未来几年，在风险人群中，慢性 Q 热的病例将会增加。在受影响最严重的地区，即该国南部，现在有超过 12%的人口对科氏立克次体产生了抗体。目前仍存在一些问题，例如急性 Q 热患者的随访、慢性 Q 热高危人群的筛查、血液和组织供体的筛查，以及人群的疫苗接种。目前正在进行大量的研究工作，同时加强了兽医和人类的监测。
