Palop-Esteban M, Segarra-Moragues J G, González-Candelas F
Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva. Genética Evolutiva, Universitat de Valencia, Apdo. Correos 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
Genetica. 2011 Oct;139(10):1309-22. doi: 10.1007/s10709-012-9632-2.
Limonium narbonense Miller is a fertile tetraploid species with a sporophytic self-incompatibility system. This sea lavender is found in coastal salt marshes which have been under intense human pressure during the past decades resulting in significant habitat fragmentation. Eleven microsatellite loci specifically designed for this species were amplified in 135 individuals from five populations. These markers were used to investigate the polyploid nature, the levels of genetic diversity and population structure in this species. L. narbonense showed high levels of genetic diversity (A = 7.82, P = 100% H (T) = 0.446), consistent with its likely autotetraploid origin revealed in this study and obligate outcrossing breeding system. Inbreeding (F (IS)) values were low in the three southern populations (mean F (IS) = 0.062), and higher in the northern populations (mean F (IS) = 0.184). Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed that populations could be grouped into two genetic clusters, one including three southern populations and the other the two northernmost ones. Individuals from the two northernmost populations showed higher admixture of the two genetic clusters than individuals from the three southern ones. A thorough analysis of microsatellite electrophoretic patterns suggests an autotetraploid origin for L. narbonense. The genetic structure revealed in this study is attributed to a recent migration from the southern area. This result suggests a net gene flow from the south to the north, likely facilitated by migratory movements of birds visiting the temporary flooded ponds occupied by L. narbonense.
海滨补血草（Limonium narbonense Miller）是一种可育的四倍体物种，具有孢子体自交不亲和系统。这种海薰衣草生长在沿海盐沼中，在过去几十年里，这些盐沼受到了巨大的人类压力，导致栖息地严重破碎化。针对该物种专门设计的11个微卫星位点在来自五个种群的135个个体中进行了扩增。这些标记用于研究该物种的多倍体性质、遗传多样性水平和种群结构。海滨补血草显示出高水平的遗传多样性（A = 7.82，P = 100%，H(T) = 0.446），这与其在本研究中揭示的可能的同源四倍体起源和专性异交育种系统一致。南部的三个种群的近交系数（F(IS)）值较低（平均F(IS) = 0.062），而北部种群的近交系数较高（平均F(IS) = 0.184）。种群结构的贝叶斯分析表明，种群可分为两个遗传簇，一个包括南部的三个种群，另一个包括最北部的两个种群。最北部两个种群的个体比南部三个种群的个体表现出两个遗传簇更高的混合程度。对微卫星电泳图谱的深入分析表明海滨补血草起源于同源四倍体。本研究揭示的遗传结构归因于最近从南部地区的迁移。这一结果表明存在从南向北的净基因流动，可能是由鸟类迁徙到海滨补血草占据的临时水淹池塘所促进的。
