Ohnuki Mari, Shinada Kayoko, Ueno Masayuki, Zaitsu Takashi, Wright Fredrick Allan Clive, Kawaguchi Yoko
Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
J Investig Clin Dent. 2012 Feb;3(1):23-9. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-1626.2011.00084.x. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of taste hyposensitivity and the relationships between sex, oral health status, and eating habits with taste hyposensitivity in Japanese senior high school students.
Oral examinations, sweet and salt whole-mouth taste tests, and a questionnaire about eating habits were conducted on 234 senior high school students. Factors affecting taste hyposensitivity were investigated using a multivariate analysis.
Sweet-taste hyposensitivity was observed in 7.3% of the students, and salt-taste hyposensitivity in 22.2%. Approximately 3% of the students had both sweet- and salt-taste hyposensitivity, and 22.6% had either sweet- or salt-taste hyposensitivity. In total, 26% had a taste hyposensitivity. There were significant relationships between the intake of instant noodles with sweet-taste hyposensitivity, and the intake of vegetables or isotonic drinks with salt-taste hyposensitivity.
There was a significant association between eating habits and taste hyposensitivity in Japanese senior high school students. Taste tests would be a helpful adjunct for students to recognize variations in taste sensitivity, and a questionnaire about their eating habits might provide an effective self-review of their eating habits, and therefore, provide motivation to change.
本研究的主要目的是调查日本高中生味觉减退的患病率，以及性别、口腔健康状况和饮食习惯与味觉减退之间的关系。
对234名高中生进行了口腔检查、甜味和咸味全口味觉测试以及饮食习惯问卷调查。使用多变量分析研究影响味觉减退的因素。
7.3%的学生存在甜味味觉减退，22.2%的学生存在咸味味觉减退。约3%的学生同时存在甜味和咸味味觉减退，22.6%的学生存在甜味或咸味味觉减退。总计26%的学生存在味觉减退。食用方便面与甜味味觉减退、食用蔬菜或等渗饮料与咸味味觉减退之间存在显著关系。
日本高中生的饮食习惯与味觉减退之间存在显著关联。味觉测试有助于学生认识到味觉敏感性的差异，关于饮食习惯的问卷调查可能会促使他们有效地自我审视饮食习惯，从而激发改变的动力。
