Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences-Kashmir, Kashmir, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2011 Oct;53(4):289-99. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.91901.
Though still in infancy, the field of psychiatric genetics holds great potential to contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic options to treat these disorders. Among a large number of existing neurotransmitter systems, the serotonin system dysfunction has been implicated in many psychiatric disorders and therapeutic efficacy of many drugs is also thought to be based on modulation of serotonin. Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism is one of the most extensively studied polymorphisms in psychiatric behavioral genetics. In this article, we review the status of evidence for association between the serotonin gene polymorphism and some common mental disorders like affective disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, suicide, autism, and other anxiety and personality disorders. Going beyond traditional association studies, gene-environment interaction, currently gaining momentum, is also discussed in the review. While the existing information of psychiatric genetics is inadequate for putting into practice genetic testing in the diagnostic work-up of the psychiatric patient, if consistent in future research attempts, such results can be of great help to improve the clinical care of a vast majority of patients suffering from such disorders.
尽管精神遗传学领域仍处于起步阶段，但它具有很大的潜力，可以为开发新的诊断和治疗方法来治疗这些疾病做出贡献。在大量现有的神经递质系统中，血清素系统功能障碍与许多精神疾病有关，许多药物的治疗效果也被认为是基于对血清素的调节。血清素转运体基因多态性是精神行为遗传学中研究最多的多态性之一。在本文中，我们回顾了血清素基因多态性与一些常见精神障碍（如情感障碍、创伤后应激障碍、强迫症、自杀、自闭症和其他焦虑和人格障碍）之间关联的证据状况。除了传统的关联研究外，目前正在兴起的基因-环境相互作用也在综述中进行了讨论。虽然目前的精神遗传学信息还不足以将基因检测应用于精神病人的诊断工作，但如果在未来的研究尝试中得到一致的结果，这些结果将有助于改善绝大多数患有此类疾病的患者的临床护理。
