The College of Saint Scholastica, Duluth, MN 55811, USA.
J Psychol. 2012 Jan-Apr;146(1-2):173-88. doi: 10.1080/00223980.2011.613874.
Regarding the purpose of this study, the researchers analyzed the roles that both life events (life-time positive events and life-time negative events) and personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Trust, Competence, and Ideas) played in participants of the Georgia Centenarian Study. The researchers analyzed these variables to determine whether they predicted loneliness. Analyses indicated that life-time negative events significantly predicted loneliness. In essence, the higher was the number of life-time negative life events, the higher was the loneliness score. Moreover, Neuroticism, Competence, and Ideas were all significant predictors of loneliness. The higher was the level of Neuroticism and intellectual curiosity, the higher was the level of loneliness, whereas the lower was the level of Competence, the higher was the level of loneliness. In addition, both life-time positive and life-time negative life events were significant predictors of Neuroticism. The higher was the number of life-time positive events, the lower was the level of Neuroticism, and the higher was the number of life-time negative events, the greater was the level of Neuroticism. These results indicated that life-time negative events indirectly affect loneliness via Neuroticism. Last, our results indicated that the Competence facet mediated the relationship between lifetime negative life events and loneliness. Life-time negative life events significantly affected centenarians' perceived competence, and Competence in turn significantly affected the centenarians' loneliness. These results as a whole not only add to our understanding of the link between personality and loneliness, but also provide new insight into how life events predict loneliness.
关于这项研究的目的，研究人员分析了生活事件（一生中的积极事件和一生中的消极事件）和人格（神经质、外向性、信任、能力和观念）在佐治亚州百岁老人研究参与者中所起的作用。研究人员分析了这些变量，以确定它们是否能预测孤独感。分析表明，一生中的消极事件显著预测了孤独感。本质上，一生中的消极生活事件越多，孤独感得分就越高。此外，神经质、能力和观念都是孤独感的显著预测因素。神经质和求知欲水平越高，孤独感水平就越高，而能力水平越低，孤独感水平就越高。此外，一生中的积极事件和消极事件都是神经质的显著预测因素。一生中的积极事件越多，神经质水平越低，一生中的消极事件越多，神经质水平越高。这些结果表明，一生中的消极事件通过神经质间接影响孤独感。最后，我们的结果表明，能力维度在生活中的消极事件和孤独感之间起中介作用。生活中的消极事件显著影响了百岁老人的感知能力，而能力反过来又显著影响了百岁老人的孤独感。这些结果不仅增加了我们对人格与孤独感之间联系的理解，还为生活事件如何预测孤独感提供了新的见解。
