Yang Zhao, Yang Xiao-Dong
Key Laboratory of Tropical Foresty Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2011 Nov;22(11):3011-20.
By using line transect method, an investigation was conducted on the floor litter and soil arthropod community in a mid mountain wet evergreen broad-leaved forest, a mossy dwarf forest, and a Populus bonatii forest in Ailao Mountain of Yunnan in April (dry and hot season), June (rainy season), and December (dry and cold season), 2005. In both dry and rainy seasons, the existing floor litter mass, C storage, and C/N ratio in the three forests all increased in the order of mossy dwarf forest > P. bonatii forest > evergreen broad-leaved forest, but the N storage had less difference. In the floor litter layer of the forests, Acari and Collembola were the dominant groups of soil arthropod community, while Diptera larvae, Coleoptera, ants, and Homoptera were the common groups. The Sorenson coefficients of soil arthropod community in the three forests were extremely great. No significant differences were observed in the soil arthropod density (ind x m(-2)) in the floor litter layer among the three forests, but the relative density (ind x g(-1)) of soil arthropods was higher in the evergreen broad-leaved forest and P. bonatii forest than in the mossy dwarf forest. In the three forests, the density of soil arthropods was significantly higher in dry season than in rainy season, but the Shannon diversity index had less difference. There were significant positive correlations between the existing floor litter mass and the individual density (ind x m(-2)) and dominant groups of soil arthropod communities in dry and hot season (April), but negative correlations between the existing floor litter mass and the relative density (ind x g(-1)) of soil arthropod communities and Acari in dry and cold season (December). The individual densities of Collembola and Coleoptera also had positive correlations with the N storage of the existing floor litter mass in the three forests. It was considered that the floor litter and the development of soil arthropod community in the litter layer of the subtropical forests in Ailao Mountain had a close relation with the vegetation structure of the forests, and the individual density and the diversity of the soil arthropod community were controlled by the floor litter, whereas the environmental factors such as temperature and moisture in the forests also had obvious effects on the seasonal dynamics of the individual density of the soil arthropods.
2005年4月（干热季）、6月（雨季）和12月（干冷季），采用样线法对云南哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林、苔藓矮林和滇南青冈林的地表凋落物及土壤节肢动物群落进行了调查。在干季和雨季，3种森林现存地表凋落物量、碳储量及碳氮比均表现为苔藓矮林＞滇南青冈林＞常绿阔叶林，但氮储量差异较小。在森林地表凋落物层，土壤节肢动物群落以蜱螨目和弹尾目为优势类群，双翅目幼虫、鞘翅目、蚂蚁和同翅目为常见类群。3种森林土壤节肢动物群落的索伦森系数极大。3种森林地表凋落物层土壤节肢动物密度（ind·m⁻²）无显著差异，但土壤节肢动物相对密度（ind·g⁻¹）在常绿阔叶林和滇南青冈林高于苔藓矮林。在3种森林中，土壤节肢动物密度干季显著高于雨季，但香农多样性指数差异较小。干热季（4月）现存地表凋落物量与土壤节肢动物群落个体密度（ind·m⁻²）及优势类群呈显著正相关，干冷季（12月）现存地表凋落物量与土壤节肢动物群落及蜱螨目的相对密度（ind·g⁻¹）呈负相关。3种森林中弹尾目和鞘翅目的个体密度与现存地表凋落物量的氮储量也呈正相关。认为哀牢山亚热带森林地表凋落物及凋落物层土壤节肢动物群落的发育与森林植被结构密切相关，土壤节肢动物群落的个体密度和多样性受地表凋落物控制，而森林中的温度和水分等环境因子对土壤节肢动物个体密度的季节动态也有明显影响。
