Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza (MB), Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(9):1277-81. doi: 10.2174/092986712799462568.
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II, also known as prostate specific membrane antigen or folate hydrolase I, is a type II transmembrane 750 amino acid membrane-bound glycoprotein, with a molecular weight in the human form of approximately 100 kDa and a demonstrated metallopeptidase activity. At the synaptic level it hydrolyzes N-acetylaspartylglutamate to N-acetyl-aspartate and glutamate. Its localization in the animal and human nervous system has only recently been clearly established, since many of the older studies gave conflicting results, likely due to the use of poorly characterized antibodies lacking epitope mapping and proper controls (i.e. immunohistochemistry complemented by western blot analysis and enzyme activity determination). In this chapter, we will review the available literature describing the animal and human distribution of glutamate carboxypeptidase in the central and peripheral nervous system.
谷氨酸羧肽酶 II，又称前列腺特异性膜抗原或叶酸水解酶 I，是一种 II 型跨膜 750 个氨基酸的膜结合糖蛋白，其在人类形式中的分子量约为 100 kDa，并具有明确定义的金属肽酶活性。在突触水平，它将 N-乙酰天冬氨酰谷氨酸水解为 N-乙酰天冬氨酸和谷氨酸。直到最近，它在动物和人类神经系统中的定位才得到明确确立，因为许多早期的研究结果相互矛盾，这可能是由于使用了缺乏表位图谱和适当对照的特征描述不佳的抗体（即免疫组织化学辅以 Western blot 分析和酶活性测定）。在本章中，我们将回顾描述谷氨酸羧肽酶在中枢和周围神经系统中的动物和人类分布的现有文献。
