Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States.
J Psychiatr Res. 2012 Apr;46(4):492-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.006. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
Methamphetamine (MA) use and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) commonly co-occur and are independently associated with dysregulation of frontostriatal loops and risky decision-making; however, whether their comorbidity exacerbates risky decision-making is not known. This study evaluated 23 participants with histories of MA dependence and ADHD (MA+ADHD+), 25 subjects with MA dependence alone (MA+ADHD-), and 22 healthy adults (MA-ADHD-), who completed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) as part of a larger neuropsychiatric research evaluation. Results showed a significant interaction between ADHD, MA, and working memory, such that individuals with working memory deficits in the MA+ADHD+ cohort demonstrated the strongest propensity to select cards from "disadvantageous" versus "advantageous" decks on the IGT. This effect was not better explained by other psychiatric, substance use, neuromedical, or cognitive factors. Findings suggest that working memory deficits may moderate the expression of risky decision-making in MA users with ADHD.
中文译文：
甲基苯丙胺（MA）的使用和注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）经常同时发生，并且与额纹状体回路和冒险决策的失调有关；然而，它们的共病是否会加剧冒险决策尚不清楚。这项研究评估了 23 名有 MA 依赖和 ADHD 病史的参与者（MA+ADHD+）、25 名仅 MA 依赖的参与者（MA+ADHD-）和 22 名健康成年人（MA-ADHD-），他们完成了爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）作为更大的神经精神研究评估的一部分。结果显示，ADHD、MA 和工作记忆之间存在显著的相互作用，即 MA+ADHD+队列中工作记忆有缺陷的个体在 IGT 上表现出从“不利”相对于“有利”牌组选择牌的强烈倾向。这种效应不能用其他精神疾病、药物使用、神经医学或认知因素来更好地解释。研究结果表明，工作记忆缺陷可能会调节 MA 使用者中 ADHD 患者冒险决策的表现。
