Alnaes R, Torgersen S
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1990 Nov;178(11):693-8. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199011000-00004.
Of 298 mainly nonpsychotic psychiatric outpatients between 19 and 59 years of age, a group of patients having either pure major depression, major depression in combination with anxiety disorders, or pure anxiety disorders was extracted. The anxiety disorders were further differentiated in panic and nonpanic anxiety disorders. The groups were compared as to differences in frequency of personality disorders assessed by means of the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders. The mixed major depression/anxiety disorder group appeared to be the most deviant with more severe personality disorders such as paranoid and borderline in addition to avoidant and dependent personality disorder. The differentiation between panic and nonpanic anxiety showed that it was patients with nonpanic anxiety features in addition to major depression who had this higher frequency of personality disorders. These findings imply that it is important to distinguish between major depression cases with and without anxiety disorders both in forthcoming research and in clinical practice.
在298名年龄在19至59岁之间的主要非精神病性精神科门诊患者中，抽取了一组患有单纯重度抑郁症、重度抑郁症合并焦虑症或单纯焦虑症的患者。焦虑症进一步分为惊恐性焦虑症和非惊恐性焦虑症。通过《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版人格障碍结构化访谈评估人格障碍的频率差异，对这些组进行了比较。重度抑郁症/焦虑症混合组似乎偏差最大，除了回避型和依赖型人格障碍外，还有更严重的人格障碍，如偏执型和边缘型人格障碍。惊恐性焦虑症和非惊恐性焦虑症之间的差异表明，除了重度抑郁症外，具有非惊恐性焦虑特征的患者人格障碍的发生率更高。这些发现意味着，在未来的研究和临床实践中，区分伴有和不伴有焦虑症的重度抑郁症病例很重要。
