Mehr Z A, Rutledge L C, Buescher M D, Gupta R K, Zakaria M M
Letterman Army Institute of Research, Presidio of San Francisco, CA 94129-6800.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1990 Sep;6(3):469-76.
Studies by prior workers have shown that insect repellents can act as attractants when present as low concentrations, deposits or residues. In the present study deet and ethyl hexanediol were tested in 2-fold serial doses from 1.9 X 10(-9) to 1.6 X 10(-2) mg/cm2 on the forearms of volunteers against colonized Anopheles albimanus, Aedes aegypti and Ae. taeniorhynchus. Both compounds were significantly repellent at the high end of the dose range, as expected. Neither was significantly attractant to An. albimanus in low doses. However, deet was significantly attractant to Ae. aegypti in the dose range 7.6 X 10(-9) to 1.2 X 10(-4) mg/cm2 and to Ae. taeniorhynchus in the dose ranges 1.9 X 10(-9) to 3.1 X 10(-8) mg/cm2 and 2.0 X 10(-6) to 2.5 X 10(-4) mg/cm2. Ethyl hexanediol was significantly attractant to Ae. taeniorhynchus in the dose range 1.9 X 10(-9) to 6.2 X 10(-5) mg/cm2. Based on these results and prior work of V.G. Dethier and C.N.E. Ruscoe, a model sequence of the effects of chemicals on insects with increasing dose was developed. It was concluded that the labels of commercial repellents should be amended to include instructions to wash off or reapply the repellent when it is no longer effective.
先前研究人员的研究表明，驱虫剂在以低浓度、沉积物或残留物形式存在时可充当引诱剂。在本研究中，在志愿者的前臂上，以1.9×10⁻⁹至1.6×10⁻²mg/cm²的2倍系列剂量对避蚊胺和乙基己二醇进行了测试，以对抗定殖的白纹伊蚊、埃及伊蚊和 Taeniorhynchus 伊蚊。正如预期的那样，在剂量范围的高端，这两种化合物都具有显著的驱避作用。低剂量时，两者对白纹伊蚊均无显著引诱作用。然而，避蚊胺在7.6×10⁻⁹至1.2×10⁻⁴mg/cm²的剂量范围内对埃及伊蚊具有显著引诱作用，在1.9×10⁻⁹至3.1×10⁻⁸mg/cm²以及2.0×10⁻⁶至2.5×10⁻⁴mg/cm²的剂量范围内对 Taeniorhynchus 伊蚊具有显著引诱作用。乙基己二醇在1.9×10⁻⁹至6.2×10⁻⁵mg/cm²的剂量范围内对 Taeniorhynchus 伊蚊具有显著引诱作用。基于这些结果以及V.G. 德西尔和C.N.E. 拉斯科的先前研究，建立了化学物质对昆虫作用随剂量增加的模型序列。得出的结论是，商业驱虫剂的标签应进行修订，以包括当驱虫剂不再有效时清洗或重新涂抹的说明。
