UR016-Caractérisation et Contrôle des Populations de Vecteurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
PLoS One. 2009 Nov 19;4(11):e7896. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007896.
Chemicals are used on bed nets in order to prevent infected bites and to kill aggressive malaria vectors. Because pyrethroid resistance has become widespread in the main malaria vectors, research for alternative active ingredients becomes urgent. Mixing a repellent and a non-pyrethroid insecticide seemed to be a promising tool as mixtures in the laboratory showed the same features as pyrethroids.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We present here the results of two trials run against free-flying Anopheles gambiae populations comparing the effects of two insect repellents (either DEET or KBR 3023, also known as icaridin) and an organophosphate insecticide at low-doses (pirimiphos-methyl, PM) used alone and in combination on bed nets. We showed that mixtures of PM and the repellents induced higher exophily, blood feeding inhibition and mortality among wild susceptible and resistant malaria vectors than compounds used alone. Nevertheless the synergistic interactions are only involved in the high mortality induced by the two mixtures.
These field trials argue in favour of the strategy of mixing repellent and organophosphate on bed nets to better control resistant malaria vectors.
为了防止受感染的叮咬和杀死具有攻击性的疟疾传播媒介，人们在蚊帐上使用化学品。由于主要疟疾传播媒介中的拟除虫菊酯抗药性已经广泛存在，因此寻找替代活性成分的研究变得迫在眉睫。混合驱避剂和非拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂似乎是一种很有前途的工具，因为实验室中的混合物表现出与拟除虫菊酯相同的特性。
方法/主要发现：我们在这里介绍了两项针对自由飞行的按蚊种群的试验结果，比较了两种昆虫驱避剂（避蚊胺或 KBR 3023，也称为伊卡瑞丁）和低剂量有机磷杀虫剂（吡丙醚，PM）单独和组合使用对蚊帐的效果。我们表明，PM 与驱避剂的混合物比单独使用的化合物在野外敏感和抗药性疟疾传播媒介中引起更高的外生性、吸血抑制和死亡率。然而，协同作用仅涉及两种混合物引起的高死亡率。
这些现场试验支持在蚊帐上混合驱避剂和有机磷的策略，以更好地控制抗药性疟疾传播媒介。
