Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Obes Rev. 2012 Mar;13 Suppl 1:13-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00941.x.
Childhood overweight is a multifactorial health problem influenced by several factors. The interaction of behaviours such as physical activity, sedentary behaviour and eating behaviour determines whether or not a positive energy balance or weight gain is experienced. Knowing the correlates of these behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old children is of major interest for intervention development. According to the systematic literature search, attending a rural preschool was positively associated with physical activity. Gender, age and socioeconomic status were not associated with physical activity, while an indeterminate result was found for ethnicity. Gender and ethnicity were not associated with sedentary behaviour and indeterminate results were found for age and socioeconomic status. Preschoolers were more physically active as well as sedentary on weekdays. Watching television was associated with a higher consumption of snacks and sweet beverages. Strategies aiming to influence energy balance-related behaviours in preschoolers should target both boys and girls and all ethnic groups from low as well as high social status. During the week, there should be a focus on decreasing sedentary behaviour and in the weekend on increasing physical activity. Focusing on television viewing and the consumption of snacks and sweet beverages could/should also be a strategy.
儿童超重是一个多因素的健康问题，受多种因素影响。身体活动、久坐行为和饮食行为等行为的相互作用决定了是否经历了正能 量平衡或体重增加。了解 4 至 6 岁儿童这些行为的相关性对于干预措施的发展非常重要。根据系统文献检索，上农村幼儿园与身体活动呈正相关。性别、年龄和社会经济地位与身体活动无关，而种族的结果不确定。性别和种族与久坐行为无关，年龄和社会经济地位的结果不确定。学龄前儿童在工作日更活跃，也更久坐。看电视与零食和甜饮料的消费更高有关。旨在影响学龄前儿童与能量平衡相关行为的策略应该针对男孩和女孩以及来自低社会地位和高社会地位的所有种族群体。在一周内，重点应该是减少久坐行为，在周末则应该增加身体活动。关注电视观看和零食及甜饮料的消费也可以成为一种策略。
