Family Services Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2012 Apr;80(2):264-75. doi: 10.1037/a0027147. Epub 2012 Feb 6.
The primary purpose of this study was to test a relatively efficient strategy for enhancing the capacity of juvenile drug courts (JDC) to reduce youth substance use and criminal behavior by incorporating components of evidence-based treatments into their existing services.
Six JDCs were randomized to a condition in which therapists were trained to deliver contingency management in combination with family engagement strategies (CM-FAM) or to continue their usual services (US). Participants included 104 juvenile offenders (average age = 15.4 years; 83% male; 57% White, 40% African American, 3% Biracial). Eighty-six percent of the youths met criteria for at least 1 substance use disorder, and co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses were highly prevalent. Biological and self-report measures of substance use and self-reported delinquency were assessed from baseline through 9 months postrecruitment.
CM-FAM was significantly more effective than US at reducing marijuana use, based on urine drug screens, and at reducing both crimes against persons and property offenses. Such favorable outcomes, however, were not observed for the self-report measure of substance use. Although some variation in outcomes was observed between courts, the outcomes were not moderated by demographic characteristics or co-occurring psychiatric disorders.
The findings suggest that JDC practices can be enhanced to improve outcomes for participating juvenile offenders. A vehicle for promoting such enhancements might pertain to the development and implementation of program certification standards that support the use of evidence-based interventions by JDCs. Such standards have been fundamental to the successful transport of evidence-based treatments of juvenile offenders.
本研究的主要目的是测试一种相对有效的策略，通过将循证治疗的组成部分纳入其现有服务，提高少年法庭（JDC）减少青少年药物使用和犯罪行为的能力。
将 6 个 JDC 随机分配到一个条件中，即治疗师接受培训以提供基于条件的管理与家庭参与策略（CM-FAM），或继续提供常规服务（US）。参与者包括 104 名少年罪犯（平均年龄= 15.4 岁；83%为男性；57%为白人，40%为非裔美国人，3%为混血儿）。86%的青少年符合至少 1 种物质使用障碍的标准，同时存在共病精神科诊断。在招募后的 9 个月内，通过生物和自我报告的物质使用和自我报告的犯罪行为来评估物质使用和自我报告的犯罪行为。
CM-FAM 比 US 更有效地减少了尿液药物检测中的大麻使用，减少了人身犯罪和财产犯罪。然而，对于物质使用的自我报告测量，并没有观察到这种有利的结果。尽管不同法庭之间存在一些结果的差异，但结果不受人口统计学特征或共病精神障碍的调节。
研究结果表明，可以加强 JDC 的实践，以改善参与的少年罪犯的结果。促进这种增强的一个途径可能涉及制定和实施项目认证标准，支持 JDC 使用循证干预措施。这些标准对于成功推广少年犯的循证治疗至关重要。
