Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Exp Neurol. 2012 Jun;235(2):469-75. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.019. Epub 2012 Jan 27.
Increasingly complex networks of noncoding RNAs are being found to play important and diverse roles in the regulation of gene expression throughout the genome. Many lines of evidence are linking mutations and dysregulations of noncoding RNAs to a host of human diseases, and noncoding RNAs have been implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative disorders. The expansion of trinucleotide repeats is now recognized as a major cause of neurological disorders. Here we will review our current knowledge of the proposed mechanisms behind the involvement of noncoding RNAs in the molecular pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly the sequestration of specific RNA-binding proteins, the regulation of antisense transcripts, and the role of the microRNA pathway in the context of known neurodegenerative disorders caused by the expansion of trinucleotide repeats.
越来越多的非编码 RNA 复杂网络被发现，它们在整个基因组中对基因表达的调控起着重要而多样的作用。许多证据表明，非编码 RNA 的突变和失调与许多人类疾病有关，非编码 RNA 也与一些神经退行性疾病的分子发病机制有关。三核苷酸重复的扩展现在被认为是神经紊乱的主要原因。在这里，我们将回顾我们目前对非编码 RNA 参与神经退行性疾病分子发病机制的已知机制的认识，特别是特定 RNA 结合蛋白的隔离、反义转录本的调节，以及微 RNA 途径在由三核苷酸重复扩展引起的已知神经退行性疾病中的作用。
