Dipartimento di Psicologia 39, Sapienza Università di Roma, via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Neuropsychologia. 2012 Apr;50(5):904-12. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.01.030. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
Patients with imagery neglect (RI+) show peculiar difficulties in orienting themselves in the environment. Navigational impairments could be due to a deficit in creating or using a mental representation of the environment (Guariglia, Piccardi, Iaria, Nico, & Pizzamiglio, 2005) or, according to the BBB model (Burgess, Becker, King, & O'Keefe, 2001), to a specific deficit in a mechanism that transforms an allocentric representation into an egocentric one and vice versa. Previous studies, however, do not allow discerning between a deficit in forming or in using a cognitive map, taking no notice of the fact that these are two different abilities underlain by different neuroanatomical areas, which could be independently impaired. Furthermore, the BBB model has never been verified in a population of brain-damaged patients. Therefore, we administered two tasks that separately assess the ability to create and use a cognitive map of the environment to 28 right brain-damaged patients (4 patients with imagery neglect and 4 patients with perceptual neglect) and 11 healthy participants. RI+ patients showed no specific deficit in creating or using a cognitive map, but failed to transform an egocentric representation of the environment into an allocentric one and vice versa, as predicted by the BBB model.
具有表象忽视（RI+）的患者在环境中定向自己时会表现出特殊的困难。导航障碍可能是由于缺乏对环境的心理表象的创建或使用（Guariglia、Piccardi、Iaria、Nico 和 Pizzamiglio，2005），或者根据 BBB 模型（Burgess、Becker、King 和 O'Keefe，2001），是将非自我中心的表象转化为自我中心的表象的机制出现了特定的缺陷，反之亦然。然而，之前的研究并没有区分形成或使用认知图的缺陷，没有注意到这两种不同的能力是由不同的神经解剖区域支撑的，这些区域可能会独立受损。此外，BBB 模型从未在脑损伤患者群体中得到验证。因此，我们对 28 名右脑损伤患者（4 名表象忽视患者和 4 名知觉忽视患者）和 11 名健康参与者进行了两项任务，分别评估他们创建和使用环境认知图的能力。正如 BBB 模型所预测的那样，RI+患者在创建或使用认知图方面没有表现出特定的缺陷，但无法将环境的自我中心表象转化为非自我中心表象，反之亦然。
