Zabin L S
Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
J Gen Intern Med. 1990 Sep-Oct;5(5 Suppl):S81-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02600849.
Adolescent childbearing has adverse sequelae that are intensified when the onset of sexual activity takes place at a particularly early age. A relationship between the onset of sexual activity and the age of maturation has been demonstrated; as the mean age of menarche has become younger, a greater discontinuity has been created between physical development on the one hand and cognitive and emotional development on the other. Initiatives to prevent early sexual initiation and unintended pregnancy must be designed in that context and with an appreciation of normative social pressures. This report reviews research on adolescent development and sexual behavior, including the relationship between maturation and the onset of sexual activity, the timing of pregnancy risk, clinic utilization and reasons for delay in clinic attendance, and clusters of high-risk behaviors. It discusses the role of clinical interventions, suggesting ways in which those who treat adolescents can assist them in acquiring and maintaining protective behaviors.
青少年生育会带来不良后果，而当性活动在特别早的年龄开始时，这些后果会加剧。性活动开始时间与成熟年龄之间的关系已得到证实；随着月经初潮的平均年龄变得更小，一方面身体发育与另一方面认知和情感发育之间产生了更大的脱节。预防过早开始性行为和意外怀孕的举措必须在这种背景下设计，并考虑到规范性的社会压力。本报告回顾了关于青少年发育和性行为的研究，包括成熟与性活动开始之间的关系、怀孕风险的时间、诊所利用情况以及延迟就诊的原因，还有高危行为群。报告讨论了临床干预的作用，提出了治疗青少年的人员可以帮助他们获得并维持保护性行为的方法。
