Allergy Department, Hospital La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011;21(7):540-5.
Several studies have suggested a relationship between asthma and obesity; however, this relationship is unclear when obesity is compared with bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine.
To determine whether obesity is associated with a diagnosis of asthma.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in a population of Spanish adults in the north of Madrid, Spain between 2003 and 2007. The patients included had experienced asthma symptoms during the previous year, but had a ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) of > 70%. Diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of symptoms and demonstration of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Obesity was measured by body mass index (BMI). Adjusted odd ratios (OR) were obtained by logistic regression.
Of a total of 1424 patients included, 251 (17.6%) were diagnosed with asthma. These patients were younger (P < .001) and had lower BMI (P < .001) and lung function parameters (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio) than individuals without asthma (P < .001). After adjusting the model for age, gender, baseline FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio, patients with overweight or obesity were not more frequently diagnosed with asthma than those with normal weight (OR, 0.848 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59-1.20]; and OR, 0.616 [95% CI, 0.38-0.99], respectively). In addition, obese males were more frequently diagnosed with asthma than obese females (P < .041).
In this study, obesity and overweight were not associated with a diagnosis of asthma based on the presence of consistent symptoms and demonstration of airway responsiveness to methacholine.
多项研究表明哮喘与肥胖之间存在关联；然而，当将肥胖与对乙酰甲胆碱的支气管高反应性进行比较时，这种关联并不明确。
确定肥胖是否与哮喘的诊断有关。
我们在西班牙马德里北部进行了一项 2003 年至 2007 年间的西班牙成年人的横断面研究。纳入的患者在过去一年中经历过哮喘症状，但第 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）与用力肺活量（FVC）的比值>70%。通过症状存在和对乙酰甲胆碱的支气管高反应性来确认诊断。通过体重指数（BMI）来衡量肥胖。通过逻辑回归获得调整后的比值比（OR）。
在总共纳入的 1424 名患者中，251 名（17.6%）被诊断为哮喘。这些患者更年轻（P<.001），BMI 更低（P<.001），肺功能参数（FEV1 和 FEV1/FVC 比值）也低于无哮喘患者（P<.001）。在调整年龄、性别、基线 FEV1 和 FEV1/FVC 比值后，超重或肥胖患者被诊断为哮喘的频率并不高于体重正常患者（OR，0.848[95%可信区间（CI），0.59-1.20]；OR，0.616[95%CI，0.38-0.99]）。此外，肥胖男性被诊断为哮喘的频率高于肥胖女性（P<.041）。
在这项研究中，肥胖和超重与基于一致症状存在和对乙酰甲胆碱的气道反应性的哮喘诊断无关。
