Barranco Pilar, Delgado Julio, Sastre Joaquín, Vega José María, Pascual María José, Barranco Ruth, García-Río Francisco, Parra Antonio, Quirce Santiago
Hospital Universitario La Paz, Allergy Department, P degree Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
J Asthma. 2009 Nov;46(9):867-71. doi: 10.3109/02770900903225386.
Several studies have suggested a relationship between asthma and obesity. Moreover, atopy is an important risk factor for asthma, but the relationship between obesity and atopy is uncertain.
A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in a population of Spanish adults between November 2007 and July 2008. The subjects included had experienced asthma symptoms in the last year but had a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1))/forced vital capacity (FVC) > 70%. Mild asthma diagnosis was confirmed by measuring airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Body mass index in kg/m(2) was used as measure of obesity. Subjects were considered atopic when they had at least one positive skin prick test to common aeroallergens. Adjusted odd ratios (OR) were obtained by logistic regression.
A total of 662 subjects were included and 234 subjects (35.3%) were diagnosed with asthma (consistent symptoms and positive methacholine test). After adjusting the model for age, gender, atopy, baseline FEV(1), and FEV(1)/FVC ratio, there was no association between overweight or obesity with asthma diagnosis, with OR of 0.889 (95% CI, 0.60-1.38) and 0.925 (95% CI, 0.577-1.48), respectively. A multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed that atopy increases the risk of asthma (p = 0.008). The non-atopic obese group had an increased risk of asthma compared to the non-atopic group with normal weight or overweight (p = 0.0032).
In this study obesity was not associated with a diagnosis of asthma. The presence of atopy was a risk factor for asthma, independent of obesity. Obesity, however, may be a risk factor for the development of asthma among non-atopic subjects.
多项研究表明哮喘与肥胖之间存在关联。此外，特应性是哮喘的一个重要风险因素，但肥胖与特应性之间的关系尚不确定。
2007年11月至2008年7月，在西班牙成年人群中进行了一项横断面多中心研究。纳入的受试者在过去一年中出现过哮喘症状，但一秒用力呼气容积（FEV(1)）/用力肺活量（FVC）>70%。通过测量对乙酰甲胆碱的气道高反应性来确诊轻度哮喘。以千克/平方米为单位的体重指数用作肥胖的衡量指标。当受试者对常见气传变应原的皮肤点刺试验至少有一项呈阳性时，被视为特应性。通过逻辑回归获得调整后的比值比（OR）。
共纳入662名受试者，其中234名受试者（35.3%）被诊断为哮喘（症状相符且乙酰甲胆碱试验呈阳性）。在对年龄、性别、特应性、基线FEV(1)和FEV(1)/FVC比值进行模型调整后，超重或肥胖与哮喘诊断之间无关联，OR分别为0.889（95%CI，0.60 - 1.38）和0.925（95%CI，0.577 - 1.48）。多变量逻辑回归分析证实特应性会增加哮喘风险（p = 0.008）。与体重正常或超重的非特应性组相比，非特应性肥胖组患哮喘的风险增加（p = 0.0032）。
在本研究中，肥胖与哮喘诊断无关。特应性的存在是哮喘的一个风险因素，与肥胖无关。然而，肥胖可能是非特应性受试者发生哮喘的一个风险因素。
