Attaianese Erminia, Duca Gabriella
Department DICATA / LEAS Laboratory, University of Naples Federico II, Via Tarsia 31, 80135, Naples, Italy.
Work. 2012;41 Suppl 1:2141-6. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2012-1018-2141.
This paper presents an applied research aimed at understanding the relevance and the applicability of human related criteria in sustainability assessment of construction materials. Under a theoretical perspective, human factors consideration is strongly encouraged by building sustainability assessment methods, but the practice demonstrates that current models for building sustainability assessment neglect ergonomic issues, especially those ones concerning the construction phase. The study starts from the observation that new construction techniques for high energy efficient external walls are characterized by elements generally heavier and bigger than traditional materials. In this case, high sustainability performances connected with energy saving could be reached only consuming high, and then not very much sustainable, human efforts during setting-up operations. The paper illustrates a practical approach for encompassing human factors in sustainability assessment of four block types for energy efficient external walls. Research steps, from block selections to bricklaying task analysis, human factors indicators and metrics formulation, data gathering and final assessment are going to be presented. Finally, open issues and further possible generalizations from the particular case study will be discussed.
本文提出了一项应用研究，旨在了解与人类相关的标准在建筑材料可持续性评估中的相关性和适用性。从理论角度来看，建筑可持续性评估方法大力鼓励考虑人为因素，但实践表明，当前的建筑可持续性评估模型忽视了人体工程学问题，尤其是那些与施工阶段相关的问题。该研究始于这样的观察：高能效外墙的新施工技术所采用的元素通常比传统材料更重、更大。在这种情况下，只有在安装操作过程中消耗大量人力（而这在可持续性方面表现不佳），才能实现与节能相关的高可持续性性能。本文阐述了一种将人为因素纳入四种节能外墙砌块类型可持续性评估的实用方法。将介绍从砌块选择到砌砖任务分析、人为因素指标和度量标准制定、数据收集以及最终评估的研究步骤。最后，将讨论特定案例研究中存在的未决问题以及进一步可能的推广。
