Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2012 Jul;24(7):1034-45. doi: 10.1017/S1041610211002924. Epub 2012 Feb 13.
Life expectancy with dementia directly influences rates of prevalence and service needs and is a common question posed by families and patients. As well as years of survival, it is useful to consider years of life lost after a diagnosis of dementia.
We systematically reviewed the literature on mortality and survival with dementia which were compared to estimated life expectancies in the general population. Both were then compared by age (under 65 years vs. 65+ years), gender, dementia type, severity, and two epochs (prior to and after introduction of cholinesterase inhibitors in 1997).
Survival after a diagnosis of dementia varies considerably and depends on numerous factors and their complex interaction. Relative loss of life expectancy decreases with age at diagnosis across varying gender, dementia subtypes (except for frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies), and severity stages. Numerous study deficiencies precluded a meta-analysis of survival in dementia.
Estimates of years of life lost through dementia may be helpful for patients and their families. Recommendations for future research methods are proposed.
痴呆患者的预期寿命直接影响患病率和服务需求的比率，也是患者及其家属经常提出的问题。除了存活年限外，在诊断为痴呆后丧失的预期寿命也很有用。
我们系统地回顾了痴呆患者的死亡率和生存率文献，将其与普通人群的预期寿命进行了比较。然后，我们根据年龄（<65 岁与≥65 岁）、性别、痴呆类型、严重程度以及两个时期（1997 年之前和之后引入乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂）进行了比较。
痴呆诊断后的生存率差异很大，取决于许多因素及其复杂的相互作用。在不同性别、痴呆亚型（额颞叶痴呆和路易体痴呆除外）和严重程度阶段，随着诊断时年龄的增加，相对预期寿命损失减少。由于许多研究存在缺陷，因此无法对痴呆患者的生存率进行荟萃分析。
通过痴呆估计丧失的预期寿命可能对患者及其家属有所帮助。提出了对未来研究方法的建议。
