Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 66, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Appetite. 2012 Jun;58(3):777-80. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.01.027. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
The present study investigated whether the familiarity with and affective responses to foods are predicted by the individual trait food neophobia and by parental education in school children. The cross-sectional data collection involved children (N=208, 8- and 11-year-old) from Helsinki, and their parents. A questionnaire assessing children's food neophobia with Food Neophobia Scale (FNS), and familiarity with and affective responses to 36 foods was completed by parents. Children with low FNS were familiar with a larger number of foods than those with high FNS. High FNS was associated with low pleasantness assessment of most food groups, including cheese, fruit/vegetables, fish, starch/cereals, and ethnic/exotic. Children of well educated parents had tasted a larger number of foods, thus displaying lower behavioral neophobia, and had lower FNS scores than children of less educated parents. Both low FNS scores and high parental education predicted the number of tasted foods. Parental education was not associated with pleasantness ratings (exception: cheese). To conclude, high food neophobia lowers the pleasantness ratings of foods, and parental education moderates behavioral neophobia.
本研究旨在调查儿童个体特质性食物恐惧倾向和父母受教育程度是否能够预测儿童对食物的熟悉度和情感反应。该横断面研究的数据采集涉及来自赫尔辛基的 208 名 8 至 11 岁的儿童及其父母。父母通过食物恐惧倾向量表（FNS）完成了评估儿童食物恐惧倾向的问卷，并对 36 种食物的熟悉度和情感反应进行了评估。FNS 得分低的儿童比 FNS 得分高的儿童更熟悉更多种类的食物。FNS 得分高与大多数食物组（包括奶酪、水果/蔬菜、鱼、淀粉/谷物和民族/异国）的低愉悦度评估相关。受教育程度高的父母的孩子品尝过更多种类的食物，因此表现出较低的行为恐惧倾向，且 FNS 得分低于受教育程度较低的父母的孩子。低 FNS 得分和高父母教育程度都可以预测品尝过的食物数量。父母教育程度与愉悦度评分无显著相关性（奶酪除外）。总之，高食物恐惧倾向会降低食物的愉悦度评分，而父母教育程度则可以调节行为恐惧倾向。
