Van der Merwe M, Jooste P J, Hoffman L C
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2011 Sep;82(3):170-5. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v82i3.63.
The health and quality compliance of game carcasses (n = 295) intended for the South African export market and aspiring to comply with the strict hygiene requirements of the European Union were compared with game carcasses (n = 330) available for the local market and currently not subjected to meat safety legislation. Samples were collected in similar seasons and geographical areas in South Africa from 2006 to 2009. Aerobic plate counts (APC) of the heart blood verified that both groups possessed similar ante mortem bacterial status. For health compliance APC, tests for Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were performed on the carcasses. Surfaces of the local carcasses were swabbed using the European Enviro-biotrace sponge technique at 3 and 72 h post mortem. Unskinned but eviscerated export carcasses in the abattoir were skinned and sampled by incision using a corkborer 72 h post mortem. Temperature and pH readings were recorded at 3 and 72 h post mortem from the longissimus dorsi muscle and the readings at 3 h differed (P = 0.035). Temperatures at 72 h were lower for export than local carcasses (P < 0.001) because of earlier introduction and maintenance of the cold chain. The pH readings also differed between groups at 3 and 72 h (P < 0.001). APC results for the local group exceeded the maximum permissible count (< 10(5)). S. aureus results showed differences (P < 0.001), with readings from the local group being higher. The same tendency was exhibited for E. coli (P = 0.008). Imposition of hygiene guidelines for game ranchers producing meat for the local market is therefore recommended.
将打算出口到南非市场并希望符合欧盟严格卫生要求的野味胴体（n = 295），与面向当地市场且目前不受肉类安全法规约束的野味胴体（n = 330）的健康和质量合规情况进行了比较。2006年至2009年期间，在南非相似的季节和地理区域采集了样本。心血的需氧平板计数（APC）证实两组动物的宰前细菌状况相似。为检测健康合规情况，对胴体进行了大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属和金黄色葡萄球菌的检测。当地胴体的表面在宰后3小时和72小时使用欧洲环境生物追踪海绵技术进行擦拭取样。屠宰场中未剥皮但已摘除内脏的出口胴体在宰后72小时进行剥皮，并使用木塞钻孔器通过切口取样。在宰后3小时和72小时记录背最长肌的温度和pH值读数，3小时时的读数存在差异（P = 0.035）。由于冷链更早引入和维持，出口胴体在72小时时的温度低于当地胴体（P < 0.001）。两组在3小时和72小时时的pH值读数也存在差异（P < 0.001）。当地组别的APC结果超过了最大允许计数（< 10⁵）。金黄色葡萄球菌的检测结果存在差异（P < 0.001），当地组别的读数更高。大肠杆菌也呈现出相同的趋势（P = 0.008）。因此，建议为面向当地市场生产肉类的野味养殖者制定卫生准则。
