Simon Steffen T, Altfelder Nadine, Voltz Raymond, Gaertner Jan
Universitätsklinik Köln und Institut für Palliative Care, Oldenburg.
Ther Umsch. 2012 Feb;69(2):93-7. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930/a000258.
Many patients with advanced diseases complain about refractory breathlessness when breathlessness is present although the underlying disease is optimal treated. After exclusion of potential curable causes of breathlessness, management of refractory breathlessness includes general approaches, pharmacological (opioids) and non-pharmacological (e.g. handheld fan, rollator) interventions. Oxygen should be used far less than used in clinical practice at the moment and needs critical appraisal of effectiveness.
许多患有晚期疾病的患者抱怨，尽管基础疾病得到了最佳治疗，但仍存在难治性呼吸困难。在排除了可能导致呼吸困难的可治愈原因后，难治性呼吸困难的管理包括一般方法、药物治疗（阿片类药物）和非药物治疗（如手持风扇、助行器）干预措施。目前，氧气的使用应远低于临床实践中的用量，且需要对其有效性进行严格评估。
