晚期癌症患者难治性呼吸困难的管理

Management of refractory breathlessness in patients with advanced cancer.

作者信息

Simon Steffen T, Bausewein Claudia

机构信息

Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK.

出版信息

Wien Med Wochenschr. 2009 Dec;159(23-24):591-8. doi: 10.1007/s10354-009-0728-y.

DOI:10.1007/s10354-009-0728-y

PMID:20151348

Abstract

Breathlessness is a common and distressing symptom in advanced cancer. Management comprises non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions, which are best combined. There is some evidence mainly derived from COPD studies for walking aids, neuro-muscular electrical stimulation, fan and breathlessness services. Opioids are the drugs of choice for pharmacological management of breathlessness. There is currently not enough evidence to support the routine use of benzodiazepines, other anxiolytics, antidepressants, phenothiazines, inhaled furosemide and oxygen.

摘要

呼吸困难是晚期癌症中常见且令人痛苦的症状。治疗包括非药物和药物干预，最好将二者结合使用。主要来自慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）研究的证据表明，步行辅助工具、神经肌肉电刺激、风扇及呼吸困难服务可能有效。阿片类药物是药物治疗呼吸困难的首选药物。目前尚无足够证据支持常规使用苯二氮䓬类药物、其他抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药、吩噻嗪类药物、吸入用速尿和氧气。