Wu Shuang-sheng, Yang Peng, Li Hai-yue, Ma Chun-na, Zhang Yi, Wang Quan-yi
Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Dec;45(12):1077-81.
To assess the coverage rate and obstructive factors of influenza vaccine inoculation among residents aged above 18 years in Beijing from 2007 to 2010.
A total of 13 287 residents were recruited from six districts in Beijing. Information included demographic data, whether or not got vaccinated from 2007 to 2010, and the reasons for non-vaccination were collected using the questionnaires.
A total of 13 002 copies of questionnaires were valid and retrieved. The coverage rates of influenza vaccine inoculation among Beijing residents aged above 18 years between year 2007 and 2010 were 14.2% (1850/13 001), 18.0% (2345/13 002), 23.4% (3036/13 002) and 18.6% (2416/13 002), respectively. The 4-year adherent inoculation rate was 9.1% (1186/13 001). The coverage rates in the subjects aged over 60 years, less educated, medical-practitioner or retired were relative higher, with the 4-year adherent inoculation rate at 24.4% (614/2521), 24.4% (94/386), 14.6% (47/323) and 19.0% (386/2036). The factors induced non-vaccination among residents included "I don't think I am very likely to catch the flu" (51.2%, 6002/11 722), "I have no spare time to get vaccinated" (18.3%, 2145/11 722), "The influenza vaccination is too expensive" (15.8%, 1852/11 722), "I am afraid of the side-effects" (15.2%, 1782/11 722), "I don't believe the vaccine is effective enough" (12.9%, 1512/11 722), "I don't think influenza is a serious disease" (10.1%, 1184/11 722), "I have the specific contraindications" (7.3%, 856/11 722), and "I have never heard influenza vaccination before" (5.2%, 610/11 722). With regard to the reasons for non-vaccination, significant differences were found among subjects with different educated levels, different ages and different occupations. The proportion of thoughts "I don't think I am very likely to catch the flu" among the residents in five educational levels (illiterates or semi-illiterates, primary school, junior middle school, senior middle school and college or above) were 28.6% (83/289), 39.8% (473/1188), 49.1% (1642/3341), 50.7% (1719/3392) and 51.3% (1794/3501) respectively, with a significant statistical difference (χ(2) = 98.33, P < 0.01).
The coverage rates of influenza vaccine inoculation were low among residents aged above 18 years from 2007 to 2010 in Beijing. The main reasons for non-vaccination included lack of information about risk in influenza infection and its severity to health, and anxiety about vaccine safety and effectiveness.
评估2007年至2010年北京市18岁以上居民流感疫苗接种覆盖率及阻碍因素。
从北京市六个区招募了13287名居民。收集的信息包括人口统计学数据、2007年至2010年是否接种疫苗以及未接种疫苗的原因，通过问卷调查进行收集。
共回收有效问卷13002份。2007年至2010年北京市18岁以上居民流感疫苗接种覆盖率分别为14.2%（1850/13001）、18.0%（2345/13002）、23.4%（3036/13002）和18.6%（2416/13002）。4年连续接种率为9.1%（1186/13001）。60岁以上、受教育程度较低、医务人员或退休人员的接种覆盖率相对较高，4年连续接种率分别为24.4%（614/2521）、24.4%（94/386）、14.6%（47/323）和19.0%（386/2036）。居民未接种疫苗的因素包括“我认为自己不太可能感染流感”（51.2%，6002/11722）、“我没有空闲时间去接种疫苗”（18.3%，2145/11722）、“流感疫苗太贵”（15.8%，1852/11722）、“我害怕副作用”（15.2%，1782/11722）、“我不相信疫苗足够有效”（12.9%，1512/11722）、“我认为流感不是严重疾病”（10.1%，1184/11722）、“我有特定禁忌证”（7.3%，856/11722）以及“我以前从未听说过流感疫苗接种”（5.2%，610/11722）。关于未接种疫苗的原因，不同受教育程度、不同年龄和不同职业的人群之间存在显著差异。五个教育水平（文盲或半文盲、小学、初中、高中和大专及以上）的居民中“我认为自己不太可能感染流感”的比例分别为28.6%（83/289）、39.8%（473/1188）、49.1%（1642/3341）、50.7%（1719/3392）和51.3%（1794/3501），差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=98.33，P<0.01）。
2007年至2010年北京市18岁以上居民流感疫苗接种覆盖率较低。未接种疫苗的主要原因包括缺乏流感感染风险及其对健康严重程度的信息，以及对疫苗安全性和有效性的担忧。
