University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Health Soc Behav. 2012 Mar;53(1):84-98. doi: 10.1177/0022146511419204. Epub 2012 Feb 14.
Using two waves of data from a national survey of working Americans (N = 1,122), we examine the associations among economic hardship, negative life events, and psychological distress in the context of the family-work interface. Our findings demonstrate that family-to-work conflict mediates the effects of economic hardship and negative events to significant others on distress (net of baseline distress and hardship). Moreover, economic hardship and negative events to significant others moderate the association between family-to-work conflict and distress. While negative events to others exacerbate the positive effect of family-to-work conflict on distress, we find the opposite for economic hardship: The positive association between hardship and distress is weaker at higher levels of family-to-work conflict. These patterns hold across an array of family, work, and sociodemographic conditions. We discuss how these findings refine and extend ideas of the stress process model, including complex predictions related to processes of stress-buffering, resource substitution, and role multiplication.
我们利用一项针对美国在职人员的全国性调查的两波数据（N=1122），在家庭-工作界面的背景下，考察了经济困难、负面生活事件与心理困扰之间的关系。研究结果表明，家庭-工作冲突在经济困难和负面事件对其他家庭成员的影响与困扰（在基线困扰和困难之外）之间起中介作用。此外，经济困难和负面事件对其他家庭成员会调节家庭-工作冲突与困扰之间的关系。虽然他人的负面事件会加剧家庭-工作冲突对困扰的正向影响，但我们发现经济困难的情况则相反：在家庭-工作冲突程度较高时，困难与困扰之间的正向关联较弱。这些模式适用于一系列家庭、工作和社会人口条件。我们讨论了这些发现如何细化和扩展压力过程模型的观点，包括与压力缓冲、资源替代和角色倍增等相关的复杂预测。
