Tang Xiao-yan, Kang Kai, Li Xing-le, Chen Hao-min, Xu Bian-li
The Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Nov;32(11):1128-30.
To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Henan province.
Epidemiological characteristics and related factors of JE cases in Henan province from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method and JE IgM antibodies of the serum or cerebrospinal fluid of the cases were detected by ELISA.
3099 cases were reported in Henan province from 2006 to 2010. The incidence fluctuated from 0.39/100 000 to 1.08/100 000, and the incidence rate was decreasing. Patients were concentrated mainly in Xinyang, Nanyang and Luoyang cities, which accounted for 60.12% of the total. The peak season was in July-September, accounted for 93.26% of all the cases. Most cases were in 0 - 14 year old (83.61%) in the whole province. However, in Luoyang city, number of cases in the ≥ 15 year old group, had an obvious increase (57.63%). Compared with the provincial data, significant difference was found between the two ≥ 15 year old groups (χ(2) = 330.0341, P < 0.05) statistically. 20.23% of the JE cases were vaccinated but 75.54% of them did not complete the whole course. 79.77% of the cases were not sure if they had received the vaccination. 42.98% of the JE cases were confirmed through laboratory tests but other 45.95% of them were clinically diagnosed, with the rest 11.07% were suspected cases.
The distribution of JE cases showed seasonal, regional characteristics and crowd differences in Henan province. Basic immunization and the program on strengthening immunization of JE should be further standardized. The laboratory diagnosis rate of JE cases should be further improved.
分析河南省流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）的流行病学特征及危险因素。
采用描述性流行病学方法分析2006年至2010年河南省乙脑病例的流行病学特征及相关因素，并采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测病例血清或脑脊液中的乙脑IgM抗体。
2006年至2010年河南省共报告3099例病例。发病率在0.39/10万至1.08/10万之间波动，且发病率呈下降趋势。患者主要集中在信阳市、南阳市和洛阳市，占总数的60.12%。发病高峰季节为7月至9月，占所有病例的93.26%。全省大多数病例为0至14岁（83.61%）。然而，在洛阳市，≥15岁年龄组的病例数明显增加（57.63%）。与全省数据相比，两个≥15岁年龄组之间存在显著差异（χ(2)=330.0341，P<0.05），具有统计学意义。20.23%的乙脑病例接种过疫苗，但其中75.54%未完成全程接种。79.77%的病例不确定是否接种过疫苗。42.98%的乙脑病例通过实验室检测确诊，但其他45.95%为临床诊断，其余11.07%为疑似病例。
河南省乙脑病例分布呈现季节性、区域性特征及人群差异。应进一步规范乙脑基础免疫和强化免疫程序。应进一步提高乙脑病例的实验室诊断率。
