Hidasi Zoltán, Salacz Pál, Csibri Eva
Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Pszichiátriai és Pszichoterápiás Klinika, Budapest.
Ideggyogy Sz. 2012 Jan 30;65(1-2):6-15.
Depression is frequently observed together with neurological disorders. Moreover this connection is bidirectional in the case of several neurological disorders, as depression can be either a comorbide syndrome or also a risk factor of them. Neurobiological background of depression involves neuroanatomical structures, their interconnected networks, disturbances of neurotransmitters, neurohormonal, neuroimmunological and neurotrophic changes, genetic background. Disfunction of these systems also plays a role in the pathogenesis of comorbid depression of neurological disorders. Interactions and clinical aspects of biological factors involved in the pathogenesis of depression in dementias, Parkinson's disease, cerebrovascular disorders and epilepsy are discussed further. Depression as a result of neurobiological factors responsible for both neurological and psychiatric consequencies of these disorders, are often atypical as a clinical manifestation, however chracteristic for the particular neurological disorder. Evaluation of the biological backgound and clinical features of depression in neurological disorders makes the complex neuropsychiatric approach of these disorders possible.
抑郁症常与神经疾病同时出现。此外，在几种神经疾病中，这种关联是双向的，因为抑郁症既可以是一种共病综合征，也可以是这些疾病的危险因素。抑郁症的神经生物学背景涉及神经解剖结构、它们相互连接的网络、神经递质紊乱、神经激素、神经免疫和神经营养变化以及遗传背景。这些系统的功能障碍在神经疾病共病抑郁症的发病机制中也起作用。进一步讨论了痴呆症、帕金森病、脑血管疾病和癫痫中抑郁症发病机制所涉及的生物因素的相互作用和临床方面。由于神经生物学因素导致的抑郁症会引发这些疾病的神经和精神后果，其临床表现往往是非典型的，但具有特定神经疾病的特征。评估神经疾病中抑郁症的生物学背景和临床特征有助于对这些疾病采取复杂的神经精神病学方法。
