Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, Porto, Portugal.
Transl Res. 2012 Mar;159(3):165-72. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2011.11.005. Epub 2011 Dec 21.
The enormous biologic complexity of human cancer has stimulated the development of more appropriate experimental models that could resemble in a natural and spontaneous manner the physiopathologic aspects of cancer biology. Companion animals have many desired characteristics that fill the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies, and these characteristics have proven to be important in understanding many complex molecular aspects of human cancer. Spontaneous tumors in dogs share a wide variety of epidemiologic, biologic, and clinical features with human cancer, which makes this animal model both attractive and underused in oncology research. In this review, we summarize the importance of naturally occurring canine tumors as valuable tools for studying numerous aspects of human cancer as well as the potential use of this animal model for the development of new cancer treatments. We address specifically the use of canine mammary tumors as an increasingly powerful model to study human breast cancer.
人类癌症的巨大生物学复杂性刺激了更合适的实验模型的发展，这些模型可以以自然和自发的方式模拟癌症生物学的生理病理方面。伴侣动物具有许多理想的特征，可以填补体外和体内研究之间的空白，这些特征已被证明对理解人类癌症的许多复杂分子方面非常重要。狗的自发性肿瘤与人类癌症具有广泛的流行病学、生物学和临床特征，这使得这种动物模型在肿瘤学研究中既具有吸引力又未被充分利用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了自然发生的犬肿瘤作为研究人类癌症许多方面的有价值工具的重要性，以及该动物模型在开发新的癌症治疗方法方面的潜在用途。我们特别讨论了使用犬乳腺肿瘤作为研究人类乳腺癌的日益强大的模型。
