Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Trends Genet. 2012 Apr;28(4):155-63. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2012.01.003. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Human tumors result from an evolutionary process operating on somatic cells within tissues, whereby natural selection operates on the phenotypic variability generated by the accumulation of genetic, genomic and epigenetic alterations. This somatic evolution leads to adaptations such as increased proliferative, angiogenic, and invasive phenotypes. In this review we outline how cancer genomes are beginning to be investigated from an evolutionary perspective. We describe recent progress in the cataloging of somatic genetic and genomic alterations, and investigate the contributions of germline as well as epigenetic factors to cancer genome evolution. Finally, we outline the challenges facing researchers who investigate the processes driving the evolution of the cancer genome.
人类肿瘤源自组织内体细胞的进化过程，自然选择作用于遗传、基因组和表观遗传改变积累所产生的表型可变性。这种体细胞进化导致适应性增加，如增殖、血管生成和侵袭表型。在这篇综述中，我们概述了如何从进化角度研究癌症基因组。我们描述了体细胞遗传和基因组改变编目的最新进展，并研究了种系和表观遗传因素对癌症基因组进化的贡献。最后，我们概述了研究驱动癌症基因组进化过程的研究人员所面临的挑战。
