Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
Am J Nephrol. 2012;35(3):225-9. doi: 10.1159/000336309. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
Necrotizing fasciitis can present with concomitant acute kidney injury. The etiology of acute kidney injury is often multifactorial; potential sources include volume depletion, abdominal compartment syndrome, rhabdomyolysis, and acute tubular necrosis (which may be related to hemodynamic instability, medications, or sepsis/infection). Kidney injury, defined via changes in serum creatinine, portends increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is crucial to accurately diagnose and assess the severity of kidney injury. We present the case of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis who endured 31 consecutive days of complete anuria. His serum creatinine decreased over this interval without the use of extracorporeal hemofiltration or dialysis. The explanation for this novel phenomenon lies in massive daily sero-sanguineous discharge and insensible losses with subsequent volume resuscitation. The patient's own convective clearance was substantial enough to maintain a modest creatinine clearance of 15 ml/min during sustained anuria. Our case emphasizes the importance of employing the creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urine output portions of the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) or Risk Injury Failure Loss End stage (RIFLE) criteria in assessing the severity of kidney injury. It further reinforces the imperfection in using serum creatinine as a primary measure of glomerular filtration rate.
坏死性筋膜炎可并发急性肾损伤。急性肾损伤的病因通常是多因素的;潜在的来源包括容量不足、腹腔间隔室综合征、横纹肌溶解和急性肾小管坏死(可能与血流动力学不稳定、药物或脓毒症/感染有关)。通过血清肌酐的变化定义的肾损伤预示着更高的发病率和死亡率。因此,准确诊断和评估肾损伤的严重程度至关重要。我们报告了一例患有坏死性筋膜炎的患者,他经历了 31 天的完全无尿。在此期间,他的血清肌酐下降,而没有使用体外血液滤过或透析。这种新现象的解释在于大量的日常血清血液排出和不明显的损失,随后进行了容量复苏。患者自身的对流清除量足以在持续无尿期间维持适度的肌酐清除率 15ml/min。我们的病例强调了在评估肾损伤严重程度时使用急性肾损伤网络(AKIN)或风险损伤衰竭丧失终末期(RIFLE)标准的肌酐、估计肾小球滤过率和尿量部分的重要性。它进一步强调了使用血清肌酐作为肾小球滤过率的主要衡量标准的不完美性。