Naidoo S, Mkize D L
Department of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Afr J Psychiatry (Johannesbg). 2012 Jan;15(1):30-5. doi: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i1.4.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of serious mental disorders in a prison population in Durban, South Africa, one of the largest prisons in the Southern hemisphere.
193 prisoners were interviewed using the Mini Neuro-psychiatric Interview, a screening questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire.
The study demonstrated that 55.4% of prisoners had an Axis 1 disorder. The commonest disorder being substance and alcohol use disorders (42.0%). 23.3% of prisoners were diagnosed with current psychotic, bipolar, depressive and anxiety disorders. 46.1% were diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. The majority of prisoners diagnosed as having an Axis 1 disorder in this study, were neither diagnosed nor treated in prison.
There is a high prevalence of mental disorders among prisoners in a prison population in Durban, South Africa. The majority of these prisoners are untreated in prison, related to non detection of the mental disorder. Greater mental health awareness and provision of mental health services focusing on staff training programmes to detect mental illnesses are needed and further research is recommended throughout South Africa.
本研究旨在确定南非德班一所监狱（南半球最大的监狱之一）中严重精神障碍的患病率。
使用简易神经精神病访谈、一份筛查问卷和一份人口统计学问卷对193名囚犯进行访谈。
研究表明，55.4%的囚犯患有轴I障碍。最常见的障碍是物质和酒精使用障碍（42.0%）。23.3%的囚犯被诊断患有当前的精神病性、双相、抑郁和焦虑障碍。46.1%的囚犯被诊断患有反社会人格障碍。在本研究中，大多数被诊断患有轴I障碍的囚犯在监狱中既未被诊断也未得到治疗。
南非德班一所监狱中的囚犯中精神障碍患病率很高。这些囚犯中的大多数在监狱中未得到治疗，这与精神障碍未被发现有关。需要提高心理健康意识，并提供以员工培训计划为重点以发现精神疾病的心理健康服务，建议在整个南非进行进一步研究。
