Mamedov Z, Bures J
Institute of Physiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague.
Neurosci Lett. 1990 Jul 31;115(2-3):144-8. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(90)90445-f.
The failure of rats to optimize their behavior when drinking from two retractable spouts available for single licks was analyzed. The rats were trained in an apparatus where the contacted spout was withdrawn after completion of a lick and the other spout was presented. After 5 days of such forced spout alternation training the animals continued to emit 2.7 instead of the optimum 1.0 lick per spout presentation (LPSP). With water available in one spout only the average LPSP at the empty spout dropped to 1.2 and increased to 3.6 at the water containing spout. It is argued that the operant licks at the dry spout approach the ideal value of 1.0 LPSP whereas the number of LPSPs at the water spout is increased by the consummatory nature of licking triggered by the presence of water in the oral cavity.
分析了大鼠在从两个可供单次舔舐的可缩回喷嘴饮水时未能优化其行为的情况。大鼠在一种装置中接受训练，在完成一次舔舐后，接触的喷嘴会缩回，然后呈现另一个喷嘴。经过5天的这种强制喷嘴交替训练后，动物在每次呈现喷嘴时继续发出2.7次舔舐，而不是最佳的每次呈现喷嘴1.0次舔舐（LPSP）。当只有一个喷嘴中有水时，空喷嘴处的平均LPSP降至1.2，而有水的喷嘴处则增加到3.6。有人认为，在干喷嘴处的操作性舔舐接近理想的1.0 LPSP值，而在水喷嘴处的LPSP数量因口腔中存在水引发的舔舐的 consummatory 性质而增加。 （注：“consummatory”这个词在行为学等领域有特定含义，这里可能是指与满足、完成相关的某种行为性质，但直接翻译为“完成性的”不太好理解其准确含义，不过按照要求保留了英文未进一步意译。）
