Brozek G, Bures J
Institute of Physiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague.
Behav Brain Res. 1991 Apr 18;43(1):29-34. doi: 10.1016/s0166-4328(05)80049-x.
Acquisition of new skills is often implemented by the formation of coordinated movements of functionally unrelated muscles. This situation was modelled in rats trained to lick at a retractable spout which was automatically withdrawn after termination of every lick but could be returned by pressing and releasing a lever placed 4 cm below the spout. Rats (n = 12) learned to perform short presses (50 ms) synchronized with the lick cycle in a way allowing continuous drinking. When the distance of the lever from the box was increased from 5 mm to 12.5 mm or when the force required for lever operation was raised from 20 g to 90 g, the lick-press interval increased in multiples of the interlick interval. Licking ceased during the lever pressing but regular timing of subsequent licks indicated uninterrupted activity of the licking generator. It is concluded that the coordination of orofacial and forelimb muscles engaged in licking and lever pressing, respectively, is accomplished by propagation of the activity of the lick generator to cortical and subcortical motor centers.
新技能的习得通常是通过功能不相关肌肉的协调运动形成来实现的。这种情况在训练大鼠舔舐可伸缩喷嘴的实验中得到模拟，每次舔舐结束后喷嘴会自动缩回，但可以通过按下并松开位于喷嘴下方4厘米处的杠杆使其返回。大鼠（n = 12）学会了以与舔舐周期同步的方式进行短时间按压（50毫秒），从而实现持续饮水。当杠杆与盒子之间的距离从5毫米增加到12.5毫米，或者杠杆操作所需的力从20克增加到90克时，舔舐 - 按压间隔以舔舐间隔的倍数增加。在按压杠杆期间舔舐停止，但随后舔舐的规律时间表明舔舐发生器的活动未中断。结论是，分别参与舔舐和按压杠杆的口面部肌肉和前肢肌肉的协调，是通过舔舐发生器的活动传播到皮层和皮层下运动中枢来实现的。
